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《张新民:企业财务报表分析》学习笔记四 - 北京代理记账

《张新民:企业财务报表分析》学习笔记四

2021-04-01上一篇 : |下一篇 :

《张新民:企业财务报表分析》学习笔记四 资讯 第1张

在网易公开课,翻到了对外经济贸易大学张新民教授的企业财务报表分析课程。这个课讲得通俗易懂,令人受益匪浅。好记忆不如烂笔头,特此记录。

第五讲:从财务报表看竞争力

1、短期借款的安排问题:企业账上有大量闲置的货币资金,同时有短期借款。

2、集团资金的安排管理:通过其他应收款的通道。

3、上下游关系管理:这跟企业的营销策略和市场竞争地位密切相关。传统的考察应收账款的指标是应收账款周转率=营业收入/平均应收帐款余额。但是这个指标有缺陷,营业收入是由应收票据、应收帐款、预收款项组成,指标用了三个部分带动的营业收入却只除以应收账款。所以不要关心周转速度,重点关心回款状况。企业的应收票据+应收帐款少,预收款项多,说明企业对下游经销商强势。同时关注下应收款的结构,应收票据比应收账款流动性强、质量高,尤其是银行承兑汇票。企业应付票据+应付帐款多,预付款项少,说明企业对上游供应商强势。格力电器属于两头通吃,对上下游都有较强的话语权。

我们选择优秀公司,企业在上下游的话语权是一个很好的考察点。

4、毛利=营业收入-营业成本;

毛利率=毛利 /营业收入。

毛利率高,利润率才有机会高。